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KB:
SUMO
Language:
ChineseLanguage
ChinesePinyinWriting
ChineseSimplifiedWriting
ChineseTraditionalLanguage
EnglishLanguage
FrenchLanguage
GermanLanguage
JapaneseLanguage
SpanishLanguage
SwedishLanguage
Formal Language:
OWL
SUO-KIF
TPTP
traditionalLogic
KB Term:
Term intersection
English Word:
Any
Noun
Verb
Adjective
Adverb
before
Sigma KEE - before
before
appearance as argument number 1
(
documentation
before
ChineseLanguage
"(
before
?POINT1 ?POINT2)的意思是 ?POINT1 在通用时 间轴上比 ?POINT2 先开始。")
chinese_format.kif 2707-2708
(
documentation
before
EnglishLanguage
"(
before
?POINT1 ?POINT2) means that ?POINT1 precedes ?POINT2 on the universal timeline.")
Merge.kif 8008-8009
(
domain
before
1
TimePoint
)
Merge.kif 8005-8005
(
domain
before
2
TimePoint
)
Merge.kif 8006-8006
(
instance
before
IrreflexiveRelation
)
Merge.kif 8001-8001
(
instance
before
TemporalRelation
)
Merge.kif 8000-8000
(
instance
before
TransitiveRelation
)
Merge.kif 8002-8002
(
relatedInternalConcept
before
earlier
)
Merge.kif 8004-8004
(
subrelation
before
beforeOrEqual
)
Merge.kif 8003-8003
appearance as argument number 2
(
format
ChineseLanguage
before
"%1%n在%2
before
发生")
chinese_format.kif 423-423
(
format
EnglishLanguage
before
"%1 %n{doesn't} happen%p{s}
before
%2")
english_format.kif 429-429
(
termFormat
ChineseLanguage
before
"之前")
chinese_format.kif 424-424
(
termFormat
ChineseTraditionalLanguage
before
"之前")
domainEnglishFormat.kif 10543-10543
(
termFormat
EnglishLanguage
before
"before")
domainEnglishFormat.kif 10542-10542
antecedent
(=>
(
and
(
attribute
?H
Mausaharati
)
(
instance
?D
Drumming
)
(
agent
?D ?H)
(
instance
?DAY
Day
)
(
instance
?S
Sunrise
)
(
during
?S ?D)
(
before
?D ?S))
(
hasPurpose
?D
(
exists
(?P ?SUHUR ?WU)
(
and
(
instance
?WU
WakingUp
)
(
experiencer
?WU ?P)
(
instance
?SUHUR
Suhur
)
(
agent
?SUHUR ?P)
(
before
?WU ?SUHUR)
(
during
?WU ?DAY)
(
during
?SUHUR ?DAY)))))
ArabicCulture.kif 57-75
(=>
(
and
(
before
(
BeginFn
?INTERVAL2)
(
BeginFn
?INTERVAL1))
(
equal
(
EndFn
?INTERVAL2)
(
EndFn
?INTERVAL1)))
(
finishes
?INTERVAL1 ?INTERVAL2))
Merge.kif 7990-7998
(=>
(
and
(
before
?POINT1 ?POINT2)
(
before
?POINT2 ?POINT3))
(
temporallyBetween
?POINT1 ?POINT2 ?POINT3))
Merge.kif 8080-8084
(=>
(
and
(
equal
(
BeginFn
?INTERVAL1)
(
BeginFn
?INTERVAL2))
(
before
(
EndFn
?INTERVAL1)
(
EndFn
?INTERVAL2)))
(
starts
?INTERVAL1 ?INTERVAL2))
Merge.kif 7958-7966
(=>
(
and
(
instance
?A
Ambulating
)
(
subProcess
?S1 ?A)
(
instance
?S1
Stepping
)
(
subProcess
?S2 ?A)
(
instance
?S2
Stepping
)
(
equal
?S1START
(
BeginFn
(
WhenFn
?S1)))
(
equal
?S2START
(
BeginFn
(
WhenFn
?S2)))
(
not
(
or
(
before
?S1START ?S2START)
(
before
?S2START ?S1START))))
(
equal
?S1 ?S2))
Mid-level-ontology.kif 490-503
(=>
(
and
(
instance
?CD
CertificateOfDeposit
)
(
maturityDate
?CD ?MaturityDate)
(
instance
?Withdrawal
Withdrawal
)
(
origin
?Withdrawal
(
CurrencyFn
?CD))
(
date
?Withdrawal ?DateOfWithdrawal)
(
before
(
EndFn
?DateOfWithdrawal)
(
BeginFn
?MaturityDate)))
(
exists
(?Penalty)
(
and
(
instance
?Penalty
Penalty
)
(
destination
?Penalty
(
CurrencyFn
?CD))
(
causes
?Withdrawal ?Penalty))))
FinancialOntology.kif 1086-1098
(=>
(
and
(
instance
?F
Flooding
)
(
instance
?L
LandArea
)
(
eventLocated
?F ?L)
(
instance
?T
TimePoint
)
(
before
?T
(
WhenFn
?F)))
(
modalAttribute
(
holdsDuring
?T
(
instance
?L
SubmergedLandArea
))
Unlikely
))
Weather.kif 1597-1607
(=>
(
and
(
instance
?PROCESS ?PROCESS_CLASS)
(
subclass
?PROCESS_CLASS
Process
)
(
instance
?ACCESSING
AccessingWebPage
)
(
instance
?AGENT
Agent
)
(
agent
?PROCESS ?AGENT)
(
agent
?ACCESSING ?AGENT)
(
during
?PROCESS ?ACCESSING)
(
instance
?TIMETOFIRST
TimeInterval
)
(
not
(
exists
(?PROCESS2)
(
and
(
instance
?PROCESS2 ?PROCESS_CLASS)
(
agent
?PROCESS2 ?AGENT)
(
during
?PROCESS2 ?ACCESSING)
(
before
(
BeginFn
(
WhenFn
?PROCESS2))
(
BeginFn
(
WhenFn
?PROCESS))))))
(
equal
(
BeginFn
(
WhenFn
?ACCESSING))
(
BeginFn
(
WhenFn
?TIMETOFIRST)))
(
equal
(
BeginFn
(
WhenFn
?PROCESS))
(
EndFn
(
WhenFn
?TIMETOFIRST))))
(
equal
(
TTFxFn
?PROCESS_CLASS ?ACCESSING) ?TIMETOFIRST))
UXExperimentalTerms.kif 1703-1725
(=>
(
and
(
instance
?TI1
TimeInterval
)
(
instance
?TI2
TimeInterval
)
(
beforeOrEqual
(
BeginFn
?TI2)
(
BeginFn
?TI1))
(
before
(
BeginFn
?TI1)
(
EndFn
?TI2)))
(
overlapsTemporally
?TI2 ?TI1))
Merge.kif 8171-8181
(=>
(
and
(
property
?Option
Option
)
(
optionHolder
?Option ?Agent)
(
strikePrice
?Option ?Price)
(
agreementExpirationDate
?Option ?ExpDate)
(
price
?Stocks ?Price ?Time)
(
instance
?Time
TimeInterval
)
(
before
(
EndFn
?Time)
(
BeginFn
?ExpDate))
(
underlier
?Option ?Stocks))
(
holdsRight
(
KappaFn
?Sell
(
and
(
instance
?Sell
Selling
)
(
patient
?Sell ?Stocks)
(
time
?Sell ?Time)
(
measure
?Stocks
(
MeasureFn
100
ShareUnit
))
(
agent
?Sell ?Agent))) ?Agent))
FinancialOntology.kif 2677-2693
(=>
(
and
(
property
?Option
Option
)
(
optionHolder
?Option ?Agent)
(
strikePrice
?Option ?Price)
(
agreementExpirationDate
?Option ?ExpDate)
(
underlier
?Option ?Stocks)
(
price
?Stocks ?Price ?Time)
(
instance
?Time
TimeInterval
)
(
before
(
EndFn
?Time)
(
BeginFn
?ExpDate)))
(
holdsRight
(
KappaFn
?Buy
(
and
(
instance
?Buy
Buying
)
(
patient
?Buy ?Stocks)
(
time
?Buy ?Time)
(
measure
?Stocks
(
MeasureFn
100
ShareUnit
))
(
agent
?Buy ?Agent))) ?Agent))
FinancialOntology.kif 2631-2647
(=>
(
and
(
property
?Option
Option
)
(
optionSeller
?Option ?Agent)
(
strikePrice
?Option ?Price)
(
agreementExpirationDate
?Option ?ExpDate)
(
price
?Stocks ?Price ?Time)
(
instance
?Time
TimeInterval
)
(
before
(
EndFn
?Time)
(
BeginFn
?ExpDate))
(
underlier
?Option ?Stocks))
(
holdsObligation
(
KappaFn
?Buy
(
and
(
instance
?Buy
Buying
)
(
patient
?Buy ?Stocks)
(
time
?Buy ?Time)
(
measure
?Stocks
(
MeasureFn
100
ShareUnit
))
(
agent
?Buy ?Agent))) ?Agent))
FinancialOntology.kif 2695-2711
(=>
(
and
(
property
?Option
Option
)
(
optionSeller
?Option ?Seller)
(
strikePrice
?Option ?Price)
(
agreementExpirationDate
?Option ?ExpDate)
(
underlier
?Option ?Stocks)
(
price
?Stocks ?Price ?Time)
(
instance
?Time
TimeInterval
)
(
before
(
EndFn
?Time)
(
BeginFn
?ExpDate)))
(
holdsObligation
(
KappaFn
?Sell
(
and
(
instance
?Sell
Selling
)
(
patient
?Sell ?Stocks)
(
time
?Sell ?Time)
(
measure
?Stocks
(
MeasureFn
100
ShareUnit
))
(
agent
?Sell ?Agent))) ?Seller))
FinancialOntology.kif 2649-2667
(=>
(
and
(
transactionAmount
?Payment ?Amount)
(
date
?Payment ?Date)
(
instance
?Account
FinancialAccount
)
(
destination
?Payment
(
CurrencyFn
?Account))
(
amountDue
?Account ?Amount ?DueDate)
(
before
(
EndFn
?Date)
(
BeginFn
?DueDate)))
(
instance
?Payment
Prepayment
))
FinancialOntology.kif 833-841
(=>
(
before
(
EndFn
?INTERVAL1)
(
BeginFn
?INTERVAL2))
(
earlier
?INTERVAL1 ?INTERVAL2))
Merge.kif 8284-8286
(=>
(
or
(
before
?POINT1 ?POINT2)
(
equal
?POINT1 ?POINT2))
(
beforeOrEqual
?POINT1 ?POINT2))
Merge.kif 8055-8059
consequent
(=>
(
albumRelease
?A ?T)
(
and
(
exists
(?R1 ?DS1)
(
releaseForSale
(
AlbumCopiesFn
?A ?DS1) ?R1 ?T))
(
not
(
exists
(?B ?R2 ?DS2)
(
and
(
before
?B ?T)
(
releaseForSale
(
AlbumCopiesFn
?A ?DS2) ?R2 ?B))))))
Music.kif 259-268
(=>
(
and
(
allergic
?H ?S)
(
instance
?SUB ?S)
(
holdsDuring
?T
(
meetsSpatially
?S ?H)))
(
modalAttribute
(
exists
(?AR)
(
and
(
instance
?AR
AllergicReaction
)
(
experiencer
?AR ?H)
(
overlapsTemporally
?T
(
WhenFn
?AR))
(
before
(
BeginFn
?T)
(
BeginFn
(
WhenFn
?AR)))))
Likely
))
Mid-level-ontology.kif 5907-5920
(=>
(
and
(
attribute
?H
Mausaharati
)
(
instance
?D
Drumming
)
(
agent
?D ?H)
(
instance
?DAY
Day
)
(
instance
?S
Sunrise
)
(
during
?S ?D)
(
before
?D ?S))
(
hasPurpose
?D
(
exists
(?P ?SUHUR ?WU)
(
and
(
instance
?WU
WakingUp
)
(
experiencer
?WU ?P)
(
instance
?SUHUR
Suhur
)
(
agent
?SUHUR ?P)
(
before
?WU ?SUHUR)
(
during
?WU ?DAY)
(
during
?SUHUR ?DAY)))))
ArabicCulture.kif 57-75
(=>
(
and
(
attribute
?MR
CoverRecording
)
(
instance
?MR
MusicRecording
)
(
songArtist
?MR ?A)
(
musicInterpretation
?MR ?M)
(
record
?MR ?MM))
(
exists
(?ORIG ?ARTIST ?MUSIC)
(
and
(
musicInterpretation
?ORIG ?M)
(
songArtist
?ORIG ?ARTIST)
(
not
(
equal
?A ?ARTIST))
(
record
?ORIG ?MUSIC)
(
before
(
WhenFn
?MUSIC)
(
WhenFn
?MM)))))
Music.kif 455-468
(=>
(
and
(
checkOutTime
?HOTEL ?TIME)
(
guest
?GUEST ?HOTEL))
(
expects
?HOTEL
(
exists
(?T ?C)
(
and
(
instance
?T ?TIME)
(
patient
?C ?GUEST)
(
instance
?C
CheckOutService
)
(
agent
?C ?HOTEL)
(
before
(
BeginFn
(
WhenFn
?C)) ?T)))))
Hotel.kif 663-674
(=>
(
and
(
destination
?MSG ?TELEX)
(
instance
?MSG
Messaging
)
(
patient
?MSG ?M)
(
instance
?TELEX
Telex
))
(
exists
(?PROC ?TEXT)
(
and
(
instrument
?PROC ?TELEX)
(
result
?PROC ?TEXT)
(
represents
?TEXT ?M)
(
instance
?TEXT
Text
)
(
before
(
BeginFn
(
WhenFn
?MSG))
(
BeginFn
(
WhenFn
?PROC))))))
Communications.kif 202-214
(=>
(
and
(
earlier
?TI1 ?TI2)
(
instance
?P1
TimePoint
)
(
instance
?P2
TimePoint
)
(
temporalPart
?P1 ?TI1)
(
temporalPart
?P2 ?TI2))
(
before
?P1 ?P2))
Merge.kif 8183-8190
(=>
(
and
(
equal
(
EditionFn
?TEXT ?INT1) ?EDITION1)
(
equal
(
EditionFn
?TEXT ?INT2) ?EDITION2)
(
greaterThan
?INT2 ?INT1)
(
instance
?PUB1
Publication
)
(
instance
?PUB2
Publication
)
(
instance
?CBO1 ?EDITION1)
(
instance
?CBO2 ?EDITION2)
(
patient
?PUB1 ?CBO1)
(
patient
?PUB2 ?CBO2)
(
date
?PUB1 ?DATE1)
(
date
?PUB2 ?DATE2))
(
before
(
EndFn
?DATE1)
(
EndFn
?DATE2)))
Merge.kif 15240-15257
(=>
(
and
(
equal
?PROCESSSTART
(
BeginFn
(
WhenFn
?PROCESS)))
(
equal
?AGENTEND
(
EndFn
(
WhenFn
?AGENT)))
(
benefits
?PROCESS ?AGENT))
(
before
?PROCESSSTART ?AGENTEND))
Mid-level-ontology.kif 22363-22368
(=>
(
and
(
equal
?PROCESSSTART
(
BeginFn
(
WhenFn
?PROCESS)))
(
equal
?AGENTEND
(
EndFn
(
WhenFn
?AGENT)))
(
suffers
?PROCESS ?AGENT))
(
before
?PROCESSSTART ?AGENTEND))
Mid-level-ontology.kif 29003-29012
(=>
(
and
(
instance
?D1
(
DayFn
?N1
(
MonthFn
?M
(
YearFn
?Y))))
(
instance
?D2
(
DayFn
?N2
(
MonthFn
?M
(
YearFn
?Y))))
(
equal
?T1
(
BeginFn
?D1))
(
equal
?T2
(
BeginFn
?D2))
(
greaterThan
?N2 ?N1))
(
before
?T1 ?T2))
Merge.kif 8624-8631
(=>
(
and
(
instance
?Loan
InterestOnlyLoan
)
(
agreementPeriod
?Loan ?Period)
(
principalAmount
?Loan ?Principal)
(
interestEarned
?Loan ?Interest ?Period))
(
and
(
amountDue
?Loan ?Principal
(
EndFn
?Period))
(
amountDue
?Loan ?Interest ?Date)
(
before
(
EndFn
?Date)
(
EndFn
?Period))))
FinancialOntology.kif 1614-1623
(=>
(
and
(
instance
?M1
(
MonthFn
?N1
(
YearFn
?Y)))
(
instance
?M2
(
MonthFn
?N2
(
YearFn
?Y)))
(
equal
?T1
(
BeginFn
?M1))
(
equal
?T2
(
BeginFn
?M2))
(
successorClass
?N1 ?N2))
(
before
?T1 ?T2))
Merge.kif 8608-8615
(=>
(
and
(
instance
?POINT
TimePoint
)
(
not
(
equal
?POINT
NegativeInfinity
)))
(
before
NegativeInfinity
?POINT))
Merge.kif 7791-7795
(=>
(
and
(
instance
?POINT
TimePoint
)
(
not
(
equal
?POINT
PositiveInfinity
)))
(
before
?POINT
PositiveInfinity
))
Merge.kif 7773-7777
(=>
(
and
(
instance
?REMEMBER
Remembering
)
(
patient
?REMEMBER ?FORMULA))
(
exists
(?TIME)
(
and
(
holdsDuring
?TIME ?FORMULA)
(
or
(
before
?TIME
(
WhenFn
?REMEMBER))
(
earlier
?TIME
(
WhenFn
?REMEMBER))))))
Merge.kif 11933-11942
(=>
(
and
(
instance
?SHOCK
Aftershock
)
(
eventLocated
?SHOCK ?PLACE))
(
exists
(?TREMOR)
(
and
(
instance
?TREMOR
EarthTremor
)
(
eventLocated
?TREMOR ?PLACE)
(
before
(
WhenFn
?TREMOR)
(
WhenFn
?SHOCK)))))
Geography.kif 2331-2341
(=>
(
and
(
instance
?TI
TimeInterval
)
(
equal
?S
(
BeginFn
?TI))
(
equal
?E
(
EndFn
?TI)))
(
before
?S ?E))
Merge.kif 8164-8169
(=>
(
and
(
instance
?X
Buffet
)
(
member
?ITEM ?X)
(
located
?X ?LOC1)
(
instance
?E
Eating
)
(
agent
?E ?AGENT)
(
eventLocated
?E ?LOC2)
(
patient
?E ?ITEM))
(
and
(
not
(
equal
?LOC1 ?LOC2))
(
exists
(?G)
(
and
(
instance
?G
Getting
)
(
patient
?G ?ITEM)
(
origin
?G ?LOC1)
(
agent
?G ?AGENT)
(
before
(
WhenFn
?G)
(
WhenFn
?E))))))
Dining.kif 270-287
(=>
(
and
(
instance
?X
SurveillanceSystem
)
(
member
?X ?VIDEO)
(
member
?X ?DISPLAY)
(
located
?VIDEO ?LOC1)
(
instance
?VIDEO
Camera
)
(
located
?DISPLAY ?LOC2)
(
not
(
equal
?LOC1 ?LOC2))
(
instance
?DISPLAY
VideoDisplay
))
(
hasPurpose
?X
(
exists
(?PROC ?VID ?RL ?CAPTURE)
(
and
(
instance
?PROC
Process
)
(
eventLocated
?PROC ?LOC1)
(
represents
?VID ?PROC)
(
instrument
?CAPTURE
Camera
)
(
result
?CAPTURE ?VID)
(
instance
?RL
RadiatingLight
)
(
instrument
?RL ?DISPLAY)
(
patient
?RL ?VID)
(
before
(
BeginFn
?PROC)
(
BeginFn
?CAPTURE))
(
before
(
BeginFn
?CAPTURE)
(
BeginFn
?RL))))))
Mid-level-ontology.kif 26363-26389
(=>
(
and
(
instance
?Y1
(
YearFn
?N1))
(
instance
?Y2
(
YearFn
?N2))
(
equal
?T1
(
BeginFn
?Y1))
(
equal
?T2
(
BeginFn
?Y2))
(
greaterThan
?N2 ?N1))
(
before
?T1 ?T2))
Merge.kif 8592-8599
(=>
(
and
(
property
?Option
AmericanStyleOption
)
(
optionHolder
?Option ?Agent)
(
agreementExpirationDate
?Option ?Day))
(
holdsRight
(
exists
(?Exercise)
(
and
(
instance
?Exercise
ExerciseAnOption
)
(
patient
?Exercise ?Option)
(
before
(
EndFn
(
WhenFn
?Exercise))
(
EndFn
?Day)))) ?Agent))
FinancialOntology.kif 2795-2807
(=>
(
and
(
subclass
?TEXT
Periodical
)
(
equal
(
SeriesVolumeFn
?TEXT ?INT1) ?VOLUME1)
(
equal
(
SeriesVolumeFn
?TEXT ?INT2) ?VOLUME2)
(
greaterThan
?INT2 ?INT1)
(
instance
?PUB1
Publication
)
(
instance
?PUB2
Publication
)
(
instance
?CBO1 ?VOLUME1)
(
instance
?CBO2 ?VOLUME2)
(
patient
?PUB1 ?CBO1)
(
patient
?PUB2 ?CBO2)
(
date
?PUB1 ?DATE1)
(
date
?PUB2 ?DATE2))
(
before
(
EndFn
?DATE1)
(
EndFn
?DATE2)))
Mid-level-ontology.kif 14088-14102
(=>
(
beforeOrEqual
?POINT1 ?POINT2)
(
or
(
before
?POINT1 ?POINT2)
(
equal
?POINT1 ?POINT2)))
Merge.kif 8049-8053
(=>
(
burnInPeriod
?EXP ?INTERVAL)
(
before
(
EndFn
?INTERVAL)
(
EndFn
(
WhenFn
?EXP))))
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Sigma web home
Suggested Upper Merged Ontology (SUMO) web home
Sigma version 3.0 is
open source software
produced by
Articulate Software
and its partners