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复合物质 |
The Class of Substances that contain two or more elements (ElementalSubstances) in definite proportion by weight. The composition of a pure compound will be invariant, regardless of the method of preparation. Compounds are composed of more than one kind of atom (element). The term molecule is often used for the smallest unit of a compound that still retains all of the properties of the compound. Examples: Table salt (sodium chloride, NaCl), sugar (sucrose, C_{12}H_{22}O_{11}), and water (H_2O).
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两亲分子 | The class of molecules that have both hydrophilic and hydorophobic properties. |
| | Caffeine | Caffeine is a central nervous system (CNS) Stimulant of the methylxanthine class. It is the world's most widely consumed psychoactive drug. Unlike many other psychoactive substances, it is Legal and unregulated in nearly all parts of the world. There are several known mechanisms of action to explain the effects of caffeine. The most prominent is that it reversibly blocks the action of adenosine on its receptors and consequently prevents the onset of drowsiness induced by adenosine. Caffeine also stimulates certain portions of the autonomic NervousSystem.[from Wikipedia] |
| | Monomer | In chemistry, a Monomer is a molecule that can react together with other monomer molecules to form a larger polymer chain or three-dimensional network in a process called polymerization.[Wikipedia] |
| | Polymer | A Polymer is a substance or material consisting of very large molecules called macromolecules, composed of many repeating subunits.Polymers range from familiar synthetic plastics such as polystyrene to natural biopolymers such as DNA and proteins that are fundamental to biological structure and function. Polymers, both natural and synthetic, are created via polymerization of many small molecules, known as Monomers. [Wikipedia] |
| | 病毒基因组 | The class of molecules that constitute virus genomes. |