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身体部位 |
A collection of Cells and Tissues which are localized to a specific area of an Organism and which are not pathological. The instances of this Class range from gross structures to small components of complex Organs.
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细胞内膜组 | The class of groups of internal cell membranes contained within each cell. |
| | 细胞膜 | The class of cell membranes, internal and external. |
| | 细胞核 | The part of the Cell that contains DNA and RNA. |
| | CellWall | A cell wall is a structural layer surrounding some types of Cells, just outside the CellMembrane. It can be tough, flexible, and sometimes rigid. It provides the cell with both structural support and protection, and also acts as a filtering mechanism. Cell walls are present in most prokaryotes (ProkaryoticCell) (except a mollicute Bacterium), in algae (Alga), fungi (Fungus) and (EukaryoticCell) including Plants but are absent in Animals. A major function is to act as pressure vessels, preventing over-expansion of the cell when Water enters. The composition of cell walls varies between species and may depend on cell type and developmental stage. The primary cell wall of land plants is composed of the polysaccharides cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectin. Often, other polymers such as lignin, suberin or cutin are anchored to or embedded in plant cell walls. Algae possess cell walls made of glycoproteins and polysaccharides such as carrageenan and agar that are absent from land plants. In bacteria, the cell wall is composed of peptidoglycan. The cell walls of (ArchaealCell) have various compositions, and may be formed of glycoprotein S-layers, pseudopeptidoglycan, or polysaccharides. Fungi possess cell walls made of the N-acetylglucosamine polymer chitin. Unusually, diatoms have a cell wall composed of biogenic silica. [from Wikipedia] |
| | Chromosome | A Chromosome is the structure of a cell's genetic material in the form of multiple linear DNA molecules, called Chromotin, forming the majority of the cell nucleus. [Wikipedia] |
| | 染色质 | The class of chromotin found in cell nucleuses of eukaryota. |
| | 细胞质 | The material in a cell that is outside of the nucleus and inside the cell's outer membrane. |
| | 骨架 | The class of cytoskeletons found in cells. |
| | 内膜 | The class of cellular endomembranes. |
| | 亲水侧 | The class of hydrophilic sides of lipid bilayers. |
| | 疏水面 | The class of hydrophobic sides of lipid bilayers. |
| | 脂质双分子层 | This is the class of lipid bilayers that surround cells and make up a substantial portion of a cell membrane. |
| | Nucleosome | A Nnucleosome is the fundamental subunit of Chromatin. It is the basic structural unit of DNA packaging in eukaryotes. The structure of a nucleosome consists of a segment of DNA wound around eight Histone proteins and resembles thread wrapped around a spool. [Wikipedia] |
| | 蛋白质合成工具 | The class of parts in a cell that are used in the translation and transcription of the cell's genetic information. |