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KB:
SUMO
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Formal Language:
OWL
SUO-KIF
TPTP
traditionalLogic
KB Term:
Sigma KEE - instance
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instance
An object is an
instance
of a
Class
if it is included in that
Class
. An individual may be an
instance
of many classes, some of which may be subclasses of others. Thus, there is no assumption in the meaning of
instance
about specificity or uniqueness.
Relationships
Children
element
(element ?ENTITY ?SET) is true just in case ?ENTITY is contained in the
Set
?SET. An
Entity
can be an
element
of another
Entity
only if the latter is a
Set
.
immediate instance
An object is an
immediateInstance
of a
Class
if it is an
instance
of the
Class
and it is not an
instance
of a proper subclass of
Class
.
Instances
abstract
Properties or qualities as distinguished from any particular embodiment of the properties/qualities in a physical medium. Instances of Abstract can be said to exist in the same sense as mathematical objects such as sets and relations, but they cannot exist at a particular place and time without some physical encoding or embodiment.
binary predicate
A
Predicate
relating two items - its valence is two.
binary relation
BinaryRelation
s are relations that are true only of pairs of things.
BinaryRelation
s are represented as slots in frame systems.
entity
The universal class of individuals. This is the root node of the ontology.
inheritable relation
The class of
Relation
s whose properties can be inherited downward in the class hierarchy via the
subrelation
Predicate
.
predicate
A
Predicate
is a sentence-forming
Relation
. Each tuple in the
Relation
is a finite, ordered sequence of objects. The fact that a particular tuple is an element of a
Predicate
is denoted by '(*predicate* arg_1 arg_2 .. arg_n)', where the arg_i are the objects so related. In the case of
BinaryPredicate
s, the fact can be read as `arg_1 is *predicate* arg_2' or `a *predicate* of arg_1 is arg_2'.
relation
The
Class
of relations. There are two kinds of
Relation
:
Predicate
and
Function
.
Predicate
s and
Function
s both denote sets of ordered n-tuples. The difference between these two
Class
es is that
Predicate
s cover formula-forming operators, while
Function
s cover term-forming operators.
Belongs to Class
entity
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Sigma web home
Suggested Upper Merged Ontology (SUMO) web home
Sigma version 3.0 is
open source software
produced by
Articulate Software
and its partners