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pure substance |
The Class of Substances with constant composition. A PureSubstance can be either an element (ElementalSubstance) or a compound of elements (CompoundSubstance). Examples: Table salt (sodium chloride, NaCl), sugar (sucrose, C_{12}H_{22}O_{11}), water (H_2O), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and oxygen (O_2).
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alumina | Alumina is the naturally occurring oxide of aluminum which is found in corundum and bauxite. |
| | atomic group | Two or more Atoms that are bound together and comprise part of a Molecule. |
| | barite | Barite is Barium Sulfate occurring as a mineral. |
| | carbohydrate | A compound of living cells and a source of energy for Animals. This class includes both simple Carbohydrates, i.e. sugars, and complex Carbohydrates, i.e. starches. |
| | carbon dioxide | Carbon dioxide is a common compound in the Earth's atmosphere, and an essential compound used in the cycle of photosynthesis. |
| | cement | Cement is a subclass of CompoundSubstance whose instances may contain various minerals or ores, prepared by heating and pulverizing, and used in binding Concrete or in laying brick or stone. |
| | acid | A bitter CompoundSubstance that is capable of reacting with a ChemicalBase and forming a ChemicalSalt. |
| | chemical agent | Synthetic compounds that are not an analogue of anything occurring naturally and that can result in serious burns, paralysis, and death to Organisms. |
| | chemical base | A CompoundSubstance that is capable of reacting with a ChemicalAcid and forming a ChemicalSalt. |
| | chemical product | ChemicalProduct is the subclass of Product comprising all chemical compounds that are end products or industrial products used in the manufacture of end products. |
| | chemical salt | A bitter CompoundSubstance that is formed in a chemical reaction of a ChemicalBase with a ChemicalAcid. |
| | chlorofluorocarbon | A chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) is an organic compound that contains carbon, chlorine, and fluorine, produced as a volatile derivative of methane and ethane. A common subclass are the hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), which contain hydrogen, as well. They are also commonly known by the DuPont trade name Freon. The most common representative is dichlorodifluoromethane (R-12 or Freon-12). Many CFCs have been widely used as refrigerants, propellants (in aerosol applications), and solvents. The manufacture of such compounds has been phased out by the Montreal Protocol because they contribute to ozone depletion. [from Wikipedia] |
| | chromite | A mineral that consists of an oxide of iron and chromium. |
| | conjugated substance | A CompoundSubstance that results from the ChemicalSynthesis of two or more CompoundSubstances. |
| | conotoxin | A class of neurotoxins that are produced by the Pacific cone snails. The lethality of these toxins varies widely, and it would be impractical to manufacture them on a large scale. |
| | DDT | DDT (dichoro-diphenyl-trichloro-ethane) is a highly toxic insecticide also harmful to most other animal species. DDT was banned in the UnitedStates in 1972. |
| | illicit drug | |
| | iron ore | IronOre is a subclass of CompoundSubstance that contains compounds of iron, of which the most common are hematite and limonite. Iron is obtained from smelting iron ores. |
| | molecule | A molecule is the smallest unit of matter of a CompoundSubstance that retains all the physical and chemical properties of that substance, e.g., Ne, H2, H2O. A molecule is two or more Atoms linked by a chemical bond. |
| | natural gas | NaturalGas is a combustible mixture of methane and higher hydrocarbons. |
| | nitric oxide | NitricOxide is a chemical compound in the state of Gas, with a chemical formula of NO. |
| | nitrogen dioxide | NitrogenDioxide is a chemical compound in the state of Gas, with a chemical formula of NO2. |
| | oil | A greasy, viscous CompoundSubstance that cannot be mixed with Water. Note that this general class covers petroleum oil, vegetable oil, animal fat, etc. |
| | organic compound | Any CompoundSubstance that has a Carbon base. |
| | phosphate | Phospate is a salt or ester of a phosphoric acid. |
| | phosphoric acid | |
| | potash | Potash is a Potassium carbonate from wood ashes or a potassium compound. |
| | saxitoxin | A class of chemically related neurotoxins that are produced by marine dinoflagellates and carried by Mollusks. |
| | sulphur dioxide | SulfurDioxide is a toxic Gas with a chemical formula of SO2. |
| | tetrodotoxin | A Toxin produced by the pufferfish and several other (widely varying) species. The initial symptoms include numbness in the lips and tongue, which spreads throughout the body. The next phase of the poisoning is paralysis, which again spreads throughout the body. |
| | water | The Class of samples of the compound H20. Note that this Class covers both pure and impure Water. |
| | wax | Any Substance of high molecular weight that resembles beeswax. |