orientation
(=>
(
and
(
instance
?X
Bed
)
(
component
?BEDFRAME ?X)
(
instance
?BEDFRAME
BedFrame
)
(
component
?MATTRESS ?X)
(
instance
?MATTRESS
Mattress
))
(
orientation
?MATTRESS ?BEDFRAME
On
))
Mid-level-ontology.kif 4054-4061
If
a corpuscular object
is an
instance
of
bed
and
another corpuscular object
is a
component
of
the corpuscular object
and
the other corpuscular object
is an
instance
of
bed frame
and
a third corpuscular object
is a
component
of
the corpuscular object
and
the third corpuscular object
is an
instance
of
mattress
,
then
the third corpuscular object
is
on
to
the other corpuscular object
(=>
(
and
(
instance
?X
CarAlarm
)
(
instance
?CAR
SelfPoweredRoadVehicle
)
(
part
?X ?CAR))
(
exists
(?HARM ?THIEF ?T ?L)
(
hasPurpose
?X
(=>
(
and
(
or
(
instance
?HARM
Stealing
)
(
instance
?HARM
Damaging
))
(
instance
?THIEF
Human
)
(
agent
?HARM ?THIEF)
(
patient
?HARM ?CAR)
(
equal
(
WhenFn
?HARM) ?T)
(
eventPartlyLocated
?HARM ?L))
(
exists
(?ALARM)
(
and
(
instance
?ALARM
RadiatingSound
)
(
agent
?ALARM ?X)
(
causes
?HARM ?ALARM)
(
hasPurpose
?ALARM
(
increasesLikelihood
(
exists
(?WITNESS)
(
and
(
instance
?WITNESS
Human
)
(
holdsDuring
?T
(
orientation
?WITNESS ?L
Near
))))
(
or
(
knows
?WITNESS
(
exists
(?H)
(
and
(
or
(
instance
?H
Stealing
)
(
instance
?H
Damaging
))
(
eventPartlyLocated
?H ?L)
(
holdsDuring
?T
(
patient
?H ?CAR)))))
(
finishes
(
WhenFn
?ALARM)
(
WhenFn
?HARM)))))))))))
Cars.kif 3710-3751
If
an object
is an
instance
of
car alarm
and
another object
is an
instance
of
self powered road vehicle
and
the object
is a
part
of
the other object
,
then there exist
an entity
,
another entity
,, ,
a third entity
and
a fourth entity
such that
the object
has the purpose
if
the entity
is an
instance
of
stealing
or
the entity
is an
instance
of
damaging
and
the other entity
is an
instance
of
human
and
the other entity
is an
agent
of
the entity
and
the other object
is a
patient
of
the entity
and the
time
of existence of
the entity
is
equal
to
the third entity
and
the entity
is
partly
located
at
the fourth entity
,
then there exists
a fifth entity
such that
the fifth entity
is an
instance
of
radiating sound
and
the object
is an
agent
of
the fifth entity
and
the entity
cause
s
the fifth entity
and
the fifth entity
has the purpose there exists
a sixth entity
such that
the sixth entity
is an
instance
of
human
and
the sixth entity
is
near
to
the fourth entity
holds
during
the third entity
increase
s likelihood of
the sixth entity
know
s there exists
a seventh entity
such that
the seventh entity
is an
instance
of
stealing
or
the seventh entity
is an
instance
of
damaging
and
the seventh entity
is
partly
located
at
the fourth entity
and
the other object
is a
patient
of
the seventh entity
holds
during
the third entity
or the
time
of existence of
the fifth entity
finish
es the
time
of existence of
the entity
(=>
(
and
(
instance
?X
FruitOrVegetable
)
(
part
?F ?X)
(
instance
?F
FleshOrPulp
)
(
part
?P ?X)
(
instance
?P
PeelOrRind
))
(
orientation
?F ?P
Inside
))
Food.kif 2316-2323
If
an object
is an
instance
of
fruit or vegetable
and
another object
is a
part
of
the object
and
the other object
is an
instance
of
flesh or pulp
and
a third object
is a
part
of
the object
and
the third object
is an
instance
of
peel or rind
,
then
the other object
is
inside
to
the third object
(=>
(
and
(
instance
?area
LandArea
)
(
groundSurfaceType
?area ?type1)
(
groundSubsurfaceType
?area ?type2))
(
exists
(?above ?below)
(
and
(
instance
?above ?type1)
(
instance
?below ?type2)
(
orientation
?above ?below
Above
))))
Geography.kif 4288-4297
If
a land area
is an
instance
of
land area
and
a kind of substance
is a
ground
surface type of
the land area
and
another kind of substance
is a
ground
subsurface type of
the land area
,
then there exist
an object
and
another object
such that
the object
is an
instance
of
a kind of substance
and
the other object
is an
instance
of
another kind of substance
and
the object
is
above
to
the other object
(=>
(
and
(
orientation
?OBJ1 ?OBJ2 ?ATTR1)
(
contraryAttribute
@ROW)
(
inList
?ATTR1
(
ListFn
@ROW))
(
inList
?ATTR2
(
ListFn
@ROW))
(
not
(
equal
?ATTR1 ?ATTR2)))
(
not
(
orientation
?OBJ1 ?OBJ2 ?ATTR2)))
Merge.kif 16921-16929
If
an object
is
a positional attribute
to
another object
and @ROW is the
opposite
of and
the positional attribute
is a
member
of (@ROW) and
another positional attribute
is a
member
of (@ROW) and
the positional attribute
is not
equal
to
the other positional attribute
,
then
the object
is not
the other positional attribute
to
the other object
(=>
(
and
(
orientation
?OBJ1 ?OBJ2 ?DIR)
(
instance
?DIR
PositionalAttribute
)
(
oppositeDirection
?DIR ?OPPDIR))
(
orientation
?OBJ2 ?OBJ1 ?OPPDIR))
Mid-level-ontology.kif 18136-18141
If
an object
is
a positional attribute
to
another object
and
the positional attribute
is an
instance
of
positional attribute
and
another positional attribute
is an
opposite
direction of
the positional attribute
,
then
the other object
is
the other positional attribute
to
the object
(=>
(
and
(
orientation
?X ?Y
Right
)
(
orientation
?Z ?Y
Left
))
(
orientation
?X ?Z
Right
))
Merge.kif 16931-16935
If
an object
is
right
to
another object
and
a third object
is
left
to
the other object
,
then
the object
is
right
to
the third object
(=>
(
and
(
side
?SIDE ?OBJECT)
(
part
?PART ?OBJECT)
(
not
(
connected
?PART ?SIDE)))
(
exists
(?DIRECT)
(
orientation
?SIDE ?PART ?DIRECT)))
Merge.kif 9745-9751
If a
side
of
a self connected object
is
another self connected object
and
an object
is a
part
of
the self connected object
and
the object
is not
connected
to
the other self connected object
,
then there exists
a positional attribute
such that
the other self connected object
is
the positional attribute
to
the object
(=>
(
and
(
top
?TOP ?OBJECT)
(
part
?PART ?OBJECT)
(
not
(
connected
?PART ?TOP)))
(
orientation
?PART ?TOP
Below
))
Merge.kif 9730-9735
If the
top
of
a self connected object
is
another self connected object
and
an object
is a
part
of
the self connected object
and
the object
is not
connected
to
the other self connected object
,
then
the object
is
below
to
the other self connected object
(=>
(
and
(
visibilityInMeteorology
?Area ?Time
(
MeasureFn
?Distance ?U))
(
instance
?U
UnitOfMeasure
))
(
not
(
exists
(?Observe ?A ?B ?D2)
(
and
(
instance
?Observe
Looking
)
(
agent
?Observe ?A)
(
patient
?Observe ?B)
(
orientation
?A ?B
Horizontal
)
(
during
(
WhenFn
?Observe) ?Time)
(
eventLocated
?Observe ?Area)
(
distance
?A ?B
(
MeasureFn
?D2 ?U))
(
greaterThan
?D2 ?Distance)))))
Weather.kif 2709-2726
If the
visibility
at
a region
during
a time interval
is
a real number
an unit of measure
(s) and
the unit of measure
is an
instance
of
unit of measure
,
then there don't exist
a process
,
an agent
,, ,
an object
and
another real number
such that
the process
is an
instance
of
looking
and
the agent
is an
agent
of
the process
and
the object
is a
patient
of
the process
and
the agent
is
horizontal
to
the object
and the
time
of existence of
the process
takes place
during
the time interval
and
the process
is
located
at
the region
and the
distance
between
the agent
and
the object
is
the other real number
the unit of measure
(s) and
the other real number
is
greater
than
the real number
(=>
(
attribute
?ROOM
OpenLayout
)
(
and
(
instance
?ROOM
Room
)
(
exists
(?R1 ?R2 ?H)
(
and
(
instance
?R1
Region
)
(
instance
?R2
Region
)
(
located
?R1 ?ROOM)
(
located
?R2 ?ROOM)
(
not
(
equal
?R1 ?R2))
(
orientation
?R1 ?R2
Adjacent
)
(
exists
(?P1 ?P2)
(
and
(
instance
?P1
Process
)
(
instance
?P2
Process
)
(
hasPurpose
?R1 ?P1)
(
hasPurpose
?R2 ?P2)))
(=>
(
and
(
instance
?H
AutonomousAgent
)
(
located
?H ?R2))
(
and
(
capability
Seeing
agent
?H)
(
capability
Seeing
patient
?R1)))))))
Dining.kif 956-980
If
open layout
is an
attribute
of
an object
,
then
the object
is an
instance
of
room
and there exist
another object
,
a third object
and
a fourth object
such that
the other object
is an
instance
of
region
and
the third object
is an
instance
of
region
and
the other object
is
located
at
the object
and
the third object
is
located
at
the object
and
the other object
is not
equal
to
the third object
and
the other object
is
adjacent
to
the third object
and there exist
a formula
and
another formula
such that
the formula
is an
instance
of
process
and
the other formula
is an
instance
of
process
and
the other object
has the purpose
the formula
and
the third object
has the purpose
the other formula
and
if
the fourth object
is an
instance
of
agent
and
the fourth object
is
located
at
the third object
,
then
the fourth object
is
capable
of doing
seeing
as a
agent
and
the other object
is
capable
of doing
seeing
as a
patient
(=>
(
attribute
?X
AdjoiningRoom
)
(
exists
(?ROOM ?WALL ?DOOR)
(
and
(
attribute
?ROOM
AdjoiningRoom
)
(
not
(
equal
?ROOM ?X))
(
orientation
?X ?ROOM
Adjacent
)
(
instance
?WALL
Wall
)
(
part
?WALL ?ROOM)
(
part
?WALL ?X)
(
instance
?DOOR
Door
)
(
part
?DOOR ?WALL))))
Mid-level-ontology.kif 15237-15248
If
adjoining room
is an
attribute
of
an object
,
then there exist
another object
,
a third object
and
a fourth object
such that
adjoining room
is an
attribute
of
the other object
and
the other object
is not
equal
to
the object
and
the object
is
adjacent
to
the other object
and
the third object
is an
instance
of
wall
and
the third object
is a
part
of
the other object
and
the third object
is a
part
of
the object
and
the fourth object
is an
instance
of
door
and
the fourth object
is a
part
of
the third object
(=>
(
attribute
?X
DownAndInRoom
)
(
exists
(?LOC ?INDOOR)
(
and
(
instance
?INDOOR
Indoors
)
(
instance
?LOC
Region
)
(
orientation
?LOC ?X
Adjacent
)
(
orientation
?LOC ?X
Outside
)
(
located
?LOC ?INDOOR))))
Hotel.kif 1057-1065
If
down and in room
is an
attribute
of
an object
,
then there exist
another object
and
a third object
such that
the third object
is an
instance
of
indoors
and
the other object
is an
instance
of
region
and
the other object
is
adjacent
to
the object
and
the other object
is
outside
to
the object
and
the other object
is
located
at
the third object
(=>
(
attribute
?X
DownAndOutRoom
)
(
exists
(?LOC ?OUTDOOR)
(
and
(
instance
?OUTDOOR
Outdoors
)
(
instance
?LOC
Region
)
(
orientation
?LOC ?X
Adjacent
)
(
orientation
?LOC ?X
Outside
)
(
located
?LOC ?OUTDOOR))))
Hotel.kif 1072-1080
If
down and out room
is an
attribute
of
an object
,
then there exist
another object
and
a third object
such that
the third object
is an
instance
of
outdoors
and
the other object
is an
instance
of
region
and
the other object
is
adjacent
to
the object
and
the other object
is
outside
to
the object
and
the other object
is
located
at
the third object
(=>
(
attribute
?X
LoftStyle
)
(
exists
(?FLOOR ?LOFT ?CEILING)
(
and
(
bottom
?FLOOR ?X)
(
top
?CEILING ?X)
(
instance
?LOFT
StationaryArtifact
)
(
orientation
?LOFT ?FLOOR
Above
)
(
orientation
?LOFT ?CEILING
Below
))))
Hotel.kif 1157-1165
If
loft style
is an
attribute
of
a self connected object
,
then there exist
another self connected object
,
an object
and
a third self connected object
such that the
bottom
of
the self connected object
is
the other self connected object
and the
top
of
the self connected object
is
the third self connected object
and
the object
is an
instance
of
stationary artifact
and
the object
is
above
to
the other self connected object
and
the object
is
below
to
the third self connected object
(=>
(
depth
?OBJ1 ?OBJ2 ?DEPTH)
(
orientation
?OBJ1 ?OBJ2
Below
))
Merge.kif 7736-7738
If the
depth
from
an object
to
another object
is
a length measure
,
then
the object
is
below
to
the other object
(=>
(
elevation
?OBJECT ?HEIGHT)
(
exists
(?DATUM)
(
and
(
properPart
?DATUM
SeaLevel
)
(
orientation
?OBJECT ?DATUM
Vertical
)
(
distance
?OBJECT ?DATUM ?HEIGHT))))
Geography.kif 1914-1920
If
a length measure
is an
elevation
of
an object
,
then there exists
another object
such that
the other object
is a
proper
part
of
sea level
and
the object
is
vertical
to
the other object
and the
distance
between
the object
and
the other object
is
the length measure
(=>
(
flows
?FLUID1 ?FLUID2)
(
orientation
?FLUID1 ?FLUID2
Upstream
))
Geography.kif 5446-5448
If
an object
is a
flows
of
another object
,
then
the other object
is
upstream
to
the object
(=>
(
holdsDuring
?T
(
attribute
?L
Cloudy
))
(
exists
(?C)
(
and
(
instance
?C
Cloud
)
(
holdsDuring
?T
(
orientation
?C ?L
Above
)))))
Mid-level-ontology.kif 30316-30323
If
cloudy
is an
attribute
of
an entity
holds
during
a time position
,
then there exists
another entity
such that
the other entity
is an
instance
of
cloud
and
the other entity
is
above
to
the entity
holds
during
the time position
(=>
(
instance
(
BorderFn
?AREA1 ?AREA2)
GeographicArea
)
(
orientation
?AREA1 ?AREA2
Adjacent
))
Geography.kif 712-714
If the
border
of
a geographic area
and
another geographic area
is an
instance
of
geographic area
,
then
the geographic area
is
adjacent
to
the other geographic area
(=>
(
instance
?ATV
AllTerrainVehicle
)
(
hasPurpose
?ATV
(
exists
(?D ?L)
(
and
(
instance
?D
Transportation
)
(
instrument
?D ?ATV)
(
holdsDuring
(
WhenFn
?D)
(
orientation
?ATV ?L
On
))
(
not
(
instance
?L
Roadway
))))))
Cars.kif 4768-4778
If
a physical
is an
instance
of
all-terrain vehicle
,
then
the physical
has the purpose there exist
an entity
and
another entity
such that
the entity
is an
instance
of
transportation
and
the physical
is an
instrument
for
the entity
and
the physical
is
on
to
the other entity
holds
during
the
time
of existence of
the entity
and
the other entity
is not an
instance
of
roadway
(=>
(
instance
?BALCONY
Balcony
)
(
exists
(?WALL ?LANDAREA)
(
and
(
meetsSpatially
?WALL ?BALCONY)
(
instance
?LANDAREA
LandArea
)
(
located
?WALL ?LANDAREA)
(
orientation
?BALCONY ?LANDAREA
Above
))))
Mid-level-ontology.kif 15385-15392
If
an object
is an
instance
of
balcony
,
then there exist
another object
and
a third object
such that
the other object
meet
s
the object
and
the third object
is an
instance
of
land area
and
the other object
is
located
at
the third object
and
the object
is
above
to
the third object
(=>
(
instance
?BASEMENT
Basement
)
(
not
(
exists
(?LEVEL ?BUILDING)
(
and
(
instance
?LEVEL
BuildingLevel
)
(
instance
?BUILDING
Building
)
(
part
?LEVEL ?BUILDING)
(
part
?BASEMENT ?BUILDING)
(
not
(
equal
?LEVEL ?BASEMENT))
(
orientation
?LEVEL ?BASEMENT
Below
)))))
Mid-level-ontology.kif 15411-15420
If
an object
is an
instance
of
basement
,
then there don't exist
another object
and
a third object
such that
the other object
is an
instance
of
building level
and
the third object
is an
instance
of
building
and
the other object
is a
part
of
the third object
and
the object
is a
part
of
the third object
and
the other object
is not
equal
to
the object
and
the other object
is
below
to
the object
(=>
(
instance
?BOARD
IroningBoard
)
(
hasPurpose
?BOARD
(
exists
(?IRON ?FABRIC ?OBJ)
(
and
(
instance
?IRON
Ironing
)
(
patient
?IRON ?OBJ)
(
part
?FABRIC ?OBJ)
(
instance
?FABRIC
Fabric
)
(
holdsDuring
(
WhenFn
?IRON)
(
orientation
?OBJ ?BOARD
On
))))))
Mid-level-ontology.kif 25202-25213
If
a physical
is an
instance
of
ironing board
,
then
the physical
has the purpose there exist
an entity
,
another entity
and
a third entity
such that
the entity
is an
instance
of
ironing
and
the third entity
is a
patient
of
the entity
and
the other entity
is a
part
of
the third entity
and
the other entity
is an
instance
of
fabric
and
the third entity
is
on
to
the physical
holds
during
the
time
of existence of
the entity
(=>
(
instance
?C
Catheter
)
(
hasPurpose
?C
(
exists
(?M ?O ?OBJ ?L)
(
and
(
instance
?O
Organism
)
(
instance
?M
Motion
)
(
moves
?M ?OBJ)
(
orientation
?L ?O
Outside
)
(
path
?M ?C)
(
or
(
and
(
origin
?M ?L)
(
destination
?M ?O))
(
and
(
origin
?M ?O)
(
destination
?M ?L)))))))
Medicine.kif 548-564
If
a physical
is an
instance
of
cannula
,
then
the physical
has the purpose there exist
an entity
,
another entity
,, ,
the other entity
BJ and
a fourth entity
such that
the other entity
is an
instance
of
organism
and
the entity
is an
instance
of
motion
and
the other entity
BJ moves during
the entity
and
the fourth entity
is
outside
to
the other entity
and
the physical
is
path
along which
the entity
occurs and
the entity
originate
s at
the fourth entity
and
the entity
end
s up at
the other entity
or
the entity
originate
s at
the other entity
and
the entity
end
s up at
the fourth entity
Display limited to 25 items.
Show next 25
Display limited to 25 items.
Show next 25
Sigma web home
Suggested Upper Merged Ontology (SUMO) web home
Sigma version 3.0 is
open source software
produced by
Articulate Software
and its partners