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Sigma KEE - believes
believes

appearance as argument number 1
-------------------------


(instance believes PropositionalAttitude) Merge.kif 2916-2916 believes is an instance of propositional attitude
(instance believes BinaryPredicate) Merge.kif 2917-2917 believes is an instance of binary predicate
(subrelation believes inScopeOfInterest) Merge.kif 2918-2918 believes is a subrelation of in scope of interest
(domain believes 1 CognitiveAgent) Merge.kif 2919-2919 The number 1 argument of believes is an instance of cognitive agent
(domain believes 2 Formula) Merge.kif 2920-2920 The number 2 argument of believes is an instance of formula
(documentation believes EnglishLanguage "The epistemic predicate of belief. (believes ?AGENT ?FORMULA) means that ?AGENT believes the proposition expressed by ?FORMULA.") Merge.kif 2922-2924 The number 2 argument of believes is an instance of formula

appearance as argument number 2
-------------------------


(termFormat EnglishLanguage believes "believes") domainEnglishFormat.kif 10683-10683
(termFormat ChineseTraditionalLanguage believes "相信") domainEnglishFormat.kif 10684-10684
(termFormat ChineseLanguage believes "相信") domainEnglishFormat.kif 10685-10685
(format EnglishLanguage believes "%1 %n{doesn't} believe%p{s} %2") english_format.kif 61-61

antecedent
-------------------------


(=>
    (believes ?AGENT ?FORMULA)
    (exists (?TIME)
        (holdsDuring ?TIME
            (considers ?AGENT ?FORMULA))))		 Merge.kif 2926-2930 If X believes Y, then there exists Z such that X considers Y holds during Z
(=>
    (and
        (instance ?W Wind)
        (instance ?BN BeaufortNumberAttribute)
        (eventLocated ?W ?AREA)
        (believes ?A
            (property ?W ?BN))
        (speedScaleAttributeMinMax ?BN
            (MeasureFn ?MIN ?U)
            (MeasureFn ?MAX ?U))
        (instance ?U UnitOfMeasure))
    (exists (?SPEED)
        (and
            (greaterThanOrEqualTo ?SPEED ?MIN)
            (lessThanOrEqualTo ?SPEED ?MAX)
            (believes ?A
                (surfaceWindSpeed ?AREA
                    (MeasureFn ?SPEED ?U))))))		 Weather.kif 321-338 If All of the following hold: (1) X is an instance of wind (2) Y is an instance of Beaufort number attribute (3) X is located at Z (4) W believes X the attribute Y (5) V U(s) and T U(s) are the min and max speed of Y (6) U is an instance of unit of measure, then there exists S such that S is greater than or equal to V and S is less than or equal to T and W believes S U(s) is a surface wind speed of Z
(=>
    (and
        (instance ?W Wind)
        (instance ?BN BeaufortNumber12)
        (eventLocated ?W ?AREA)
        (believes ?A
            (property ?W ?BN)))
    (exists (?SPEED)
        (and
            (greaterThan ?SPEED 73.0)
            (believes ?A
                (surfaceWindSpeed ?AREA
                    (MeasureFn ?SPEED MilesPerHour))))))		 Weather.kif 456-468 If X is an instance of wind, Y is an instance of Beaufort number 12, X is located at Z, and W believes X the attribute Y, then there exists V such that V is greater than 73.0 and W believes V miles per hour(s) is a surface wind speed of Z
(=>
    (and
        (instance ?T Tornado)
        (instance ?EF EFScaleAttribute)
        (eventLocated ?T ?AREA)
        (believes ?A
            (property ?T ?EF))
        (speedScaleAttributeMinMax ?EF
            (MeasureFn ?MIN MilesPerHour)
            (MeasureFn ?MAX MilesPerHour)))
    (exists (?GUST)
        (and
            (greaterThanOrEqualTo ?GUST ?MIN)
            (lessThanOrEqualTo ?GUST ?MAX)
            (believes ?A
                (equal
                    (MeasureFn ?GUST MilesPerHour)
                    (ThreeSecondGustSpeedFn ?AREA
                        (WhenFn ?T)))))))		 Weather.kif 3363-3381 If X is an instance of tornado, Y is an instance of enhanced fuijita scale attribute, X is located at Z, W believes X the attribute Y, and V miles per hour(s) and U miles per hour(s) are the min and max speed of Y, then there exists T such that T is greater than or equal to V and T is less than or equal to U and W believes equal T miles per hour(s) and ThreeSecondSpeedGustFn ending at the time of existence of X in Z
(=>
    (and
        (instance ?T Tornado)
        (instance ?EF EF5)
        (eventLocated ?T ?AREA)
        (believes ?A
            (property ?T ?EF)))
    (exists (?GUST)
        (and
            (greaterThan ?GUST 200.0)
            (believes ?A
                (equal
                    (MeasureFn ?GUST MilesPerHour)
                    (ThreeSecondGustSpeedFn ?AREA
                        (WhenFn ?T)))))))		 Weather.kif 3458-3472 If X is an instance of tornado, Y is an instance of EF5, X is located at Z, and W believes X the attribute Y, then there exists V such that V is greater than 200.0 and W believes equal V miles per hour(s) and ThreeSecondSpeedGustFn ending at the time of existence of X in Z
(=>
    (and
        (instance ?H Hurricane)
        (instance ?SS SSHWSAttribute)
        (eventLocated ?H ?AREA)
        (believes ?A
            (property ?H ?SS))
        (speedScaleAttributeMinMax ?SS
            (MeasureFn ?MIN ?U)
            (MeasureFn ?MAX ?U))
        (instance ?U UnitOfMeasure))
    (exists (?WIND)
        (and
            (greaterThanOrEqualTo ?WIND ?MIN)
            (lessThanOrEqualTo ?WIND ?MAX)
            (believes ?A
                (equal
                    (MeasureFn ?WIND ?U)
                    (Mean1MinuteWindSpeedFn ?AREA
                        (WhenFn ?H)))))))		 Weather.kif 3632-3651 If All of the following hold: (1) X is an instance of hurricane (2) Y is an instance of Saffir Simpson Hurrican wind scale (3) X is located at Z (4) W believes X the attribute Y (5) V U(s) and T U(s) are the min and max speed of Y (6) U is an instance of unit of measure, then there exists S such that S is greater than or equal to V and S is less than or equal to T and W believes equal S U(s) and Mean1MinuteWindSpeedFn for the time of existence of X in region Z
(=>
    (and
        (instance ?H Hurricane)
        (instance ?SS SSHWS5)
        (eventLocated ?H ?AREA)
        (believes ?A
            (property ?H ?SS)))
    (exists (?WIND)
        (and
            (greaterThan ?WIND 157.0)
            (believes ?A
                (equal
                    (MeasureFn ?WIND MilesPerHour)
                    (Mean1MinuteWindSpeedFn ?AREA
                        (WhenFn ?H)))))))		 Weather.kif 3710-3724 If X is an instance of hurricane, Y is an instance of SSHWS5, X is located at Z, and W believes X the attribute Y, then there exists V such that V is greater than 157.0 and W believes equal V miles per hour(s) and Mean1MinuteWindSpeedFn for the time of existence of X in region Z

consequent
-------------------------


(=>
    (knows ?AGENT ?FORMULA)
    (believes ?AGENT ?FORMULA))		 Merge.kif 2944-2946 If X knows Y, then X believes Y
(=>
    (and
        (instance ?INTERPRET Interpreting)
        (agent ?INTERPRET ?AGENT)
        (patient ?INTERPRET ?CONTENT)
        (instance ?CONTENT ContentBearingObject))
    (exists (?PROP)
        (holdsDuring
            (EndFn
                (WhenFn ?INTERPRET))
            (believes ?AGENT
                (containsInformation ?CONTENT ?PROP)))))		 Merge.kif 11110-11122 If X is an instance of interpreting, Y is an agent of X, Z is a patient of X, and Z is an instance of content bearing object, then there exists W such that Y believes Z contains information W holds during the end of the time of existence of X
(=>
    (and
        (instance ?DECIDE Deciding)
        (agent ?DECIDE ?AGENT)
        (instance ?S Set)
        (patient ?DECIDE ?S)
        (element ?M ?S))
    (believes ?AGENT
        (exists (?CLASS)
            (and
                (instance ?M ?CLASS)
                (subclass ?CLASS IntentionalProcess)
                (capability ?CLASS agent ?AGENT)))))		 Merge.kif 12300-12312 If X is an instance of deciding, Y is an agent of X, Z is an instance of set, Z is a patient of X, and W is an element of Z, then Y believes there exists V such that W is an instance of V, V is a subclass of intentional process, and Y is capable of doing V as a agent
(=>
    (and
        (instance ?JUDGE Judging)
        (agent ?JUDGE ?AGENT)
        (containsFormula ?JUDGE ?P))
    (and
        (holdsDuring
            (BeginFn
                (WhenFn ?JUDGE))
            (not
                (believes ?AGENT ?P)))
        (holdsDuring
            (EndFn
                (WhenFn ?JUDGE))
            (believes ?AGENT ?P))))		 Merge.kif 12378-12392 If X is an instance of judging, Y is an agent of X, and X contains the formula Z, then Y doesn't believe Z holds during the beginning of the time of existence of X and Y believes Z holds during the end of the time of existence of X
(=>
    (instance ?PRETEND Pretending)
    (exists (?PERSON ?PROP)
        (and
            (hasPurpose ?PRETEND
                (believes ?PERSON ?PROP))
            (truth ?PROP False))))		 Merge.kif 13325-13330 If X is an instance of pretending, then there exist Y, Z such that X has the purpose Y believes Z, and Z is false
(=>
    (and
        (instance ?STATE Stating)
        (agent ?STATE ?AGENT)
        (containsFormula ?STATE ?FORMULA))
    (holdsDuring
        (WhenFn ?STATE)
        (believes ?AGENT ?FORMULA)))		 Merge.kif 13441-13448 If X is an instance of stating, Y is an agent of X, and X contains the formula Z, then Y believes Z holds during the time of existence of X
(=>
    (and
        (instance ?TEXT ?CLASS)
        (subclass ?CLASS FactualText)
        (authors ?AGENT ?CLASS)
        (containsFormula ?TEXT ?CONTENT))
    (believes ?AGENT ?CONTENT))		 Merge.kif 15682-15688 If X is an instance of Y, Y is a subclass of factual text, Z is the author of Y, and X contains the formula W, then Z believes W
(=>
    (and
        (instance ?TEXT ?CLASS)
        (subclass ?CLASS FictionalText)
        (authors ?AGENT ?CLASS))
    (exists (?FORM)
        (and
            (containsFormula ?TEXT ?FORM)
            (not
                (believes ?AGENT ?FORM)))))		 Merge.kif 15718-15727 If X is an instance of Y, Y is a subclass of fictional text, and Z is the author of Y, then there exists W such that X contains the formula W and Z doesn't believe W
(=>
    (instance ?GROUP BeliefGroup)
    (exists (?BELIEF)
        (forall (?MEMB)
            (=>
                (member ?MEMB ?GROUP)
                (believes ?MEMB ?BELIEF)))))		 Merge.kif 16953-16959 If X is an instance of belief group, then there exists Y such that Z Z is a member of XZ believes Y
(=>
    (and
        (instance ?JUDGE Judging)
        (agent ?JUDGE ?AGENT)
        (patient ?JUDGE ?OBJ))
    (exists (?ATR)
        (and
            (instance ?ATR SubjectiveAssessmentAttribute)
            (holdsDuring
                (ImmediateFutureFn
                    (WhenFn ?JUDGE))
                (believes ?AGENT
                    (property ?OBJ ?ATR))))))		 Merge.kif 17682-17694 If X is an instance of judging, Y is an agent of X, and Z is a patient of X, then there exists W such that W is an instance of subjective assessment attribute and Y believes Z the attribute W holds during immediately after the time of existence of X
(=>
    (and
        (instance ?STATE TellingALie)
        (agent ?STATE ?AGENT)
        (patient ?STATE ?STATEMENT))
    (holdsDuring
        (WhenFn ?STATE)
        (believes ?AGENT
            (truth ?STATEMENT False))))		 Mid-level-ontology.kif 912-919 If X is an instance of telling a lie, Y is an agent of X, and Z is a patient of X, then Y believes Z is false holds during the time of existence of X
(=>
    (holdsDuring ?T
        (fears ?A
            (instance ?P Process)))
    (believes ?A
        (modalAttribute
            (holdsDuring
                (ImmediateFutureFn ?T)
                (exists (?D)
                    (and
                        (instance ?D Damaging)
                        (patient ?D ?A)
                        (causes ?P ?D)))) Likely)))		 Mid-level-ontology.kif 8696-8708 If X fears Y is an instance of process holds during Z, then X believes the statement there exists W such that W is an instance of damaging, X is a patient of W, and Y causes W holds during immediately after Z has the modal force of likely
(=>
    (doubts ?AGENT ?FORMULA)
    (not
        (believes ?AGENT ?FORMULA)))		 Mid-level-ontology.kif 8736-8738 If X is a doubts of Y, then Y doesn't believe X
(=>
    (medicine ?MC ?D)
    (exists (?DOC)
        (and
            (instance ?DOC MedicalDoctor)
            (believes ?DOC
                (exists (?T ?H ?M)
                    (and
                        (instance ?M ?MC)
                        (instance ?T TherapeuticProcess)
                        (instance ?H Human)
                        (patientMedical ?H ?DOC)
                        (resource ?T ?M)
                        (benefits ?T ?H)))))))		 Mid-level-ontology.kif 11118-11131 If X is medicine for Y, then All of the following hold: (1) there exists Z such that Z is an instance of medical doctor (2) Z believes there exist W, V (3) U such that U is an instance of X (4) W is an instance of therapeutic process (5) V is an instance of human (6) Z is a patient medical of V (7) U is a resource for W (8) V is a beneficiary of W
(=>
    (and
        (instance ?N Nausea)
        (experiencer ?N ?H))
    (believes ?H
        (holdsDuring
            (ImmediateFutureFn
                (WhenFn ?N))
            (exists (?V)
                (and
                    (instance ?V Vomiting)
                    (experiencer ?V ?H))))))		 Mid-level-ontology.kif 23637-23648 If X is an instance of nausea and Y experiences X, then Y believes there exists Z such that Z is an instance of vomiting and Y experiences Z holds during immediately after the time of existence of X
(=>
    (and
        (instance ?X SuicideBombing)
        (agent ?X ?P))
    (believes ?P
        (holdsDuring
            (FutureFn
                (WhenFn ?X))
            (attribute ?P Dead))))		 Mid-level-ontology.kif 24402-24410 If X is an instance of suicide bombing and Y is an agent of X, then Y believes dead is an attribute of Y holds during after the time of existence of X
(=>
    (approves ?AGENT1 ?AGENT2)
    (exists (?PROP)
        (believes ?AGENT1
            (conforms ?AGENT2 ?PROP))))		 Mid-level-ontology.kif 29547-29551 If X approves Y, then there exists Z such that X believes Y conforms to Z
(=>
    (member ?COMMUNIST Communism)
    (believes ?COMMUNIST
        (=>
            (and
                (instance ?MEANOFPRODUCTION MeanOfProduction)
                (attribute ?OBJ ?MEANOFPRODUCTION)
                (instance ?COUNTRY GeopoliticalArea)
                (located ?OBJ ?COUNTRY))
            (element ?OBJ
                (PropertyFn
                    (CitizenryFn ?COUNTRY))))))		 Economy.kif 880-889 If X is a member of communism, then X believes Y is an instance of mean of production, Y is an attribute of Z, W is an instance of geopolitical area, and Z is located at WZ is an element of belongings of the citizenry of W
(=>
    (member ?CAPITALIST Capitalism)
    (believes ?CAPITALIST
        (exists (?MEANOFPRODUCTION ?OBJ ?COUNTRY ?AA)
            (and
                (instance ?MEANOFPRODUCTION MeanOfProduction)
                (attribute ?OBJ ?MEANOFPRODUCTION)
                (instance ?COUNTRY GeopoliticalArea)
                (located ?OBJ ?COUNTRY)
                (instance ?AA AutonomousAgent)
                (element ?OBJ
                    (PropertyFn ?AA))
                (not
                    (equal ?AA
                        (CitizenryFn ?COUNTRY)))))))		 Economy.kif 905-917 If X is a member of capitalism, then All of the following hold: (1) X believes there exist Y, Z,, , W (2) V such that Y is an instance of mean of production (3) Y is an attribute of Z (4) W is an instance of geopolitical area (5) Z is located at W (6) V is an instance of agent (7) Z is an element of belongings of V (8) equal V (9) the citizenry of W
(=>
    (and
        (subclass ?PLATFORM PartyPlatform)
        (authors ?PARTY ?PLATFORM)
        (instance ?PARTY PoliticalParty)
        (instance ?INST ?PLATFORM)
        (containsFormula ?INST ?P))
    (believes ?PARTY ?P))		 Government.kif 2301-2308 If X is a subclass of party platform, Y is the author of X, Y is an instance of political party, Z is an instance of X, and Z contains the formula W, then Y believes W
(=>
    (and
        (instance ?GROUP PoliticalPressureGroup)
        (hasPurpose ?GROUP ?FORMULA)
        (agentOperatesInArea ?GROUP ?AREA)
        (instance ?AREA Nation))
    (desires ?GROUP
        (believes
            (GovernmentFn ?AREA) ?FORMULA)))		 Government.kif 2332-2339 If X is an instance of political pressure group, X has the purpose Y, Z is an agent operates in area of X, and Z is an instance of nation, then X desires the government of Z believes Y
(=>
    (trusts ?A1 ?A2 ?P)
    (believes ?A1
        (modalAttribute
            (exists (?PI)
                (and
                    (instance ?PI ?P)
                    (agent ?PI ?A2))) Possibility)))		 Law.kif 372-380 If X trusts Y will do Z, then X believes the statement there exists W such that W is an instance of Z and Y is an agent of W has the modal force of possibility
(=>
    (trusts ?A1 ?A2 ?P)
    (believes ?A1
        (=>
            (and
                (instance ?S Stating)
                (containsFormula ?S
                    (and
                        (instance ?PI ?P)
                        (agent ?PI ?A2))))
            (modalAttribute
                (and
                    (instance ?PI ?P)
                    (agent ?PI ?A2)) Likely))))		 Law.kif 382-396 If X trusts Y will do Z, then X believes W is an instance of stating, W contains the formula V is an instance of Z, Y is an agent of Vthe statement V is an instance of Z, and Y is an agent of V has the modal force of likely
(=>
    (distrusts ?A1 ?A2 ?P)
    (believes ?A1
        (modalAttribute
            (exists (?PI)
                (and
                    (instance ?PI ?P)
                    (agent ?PI ?A2))) Unlikely)))		 Law.kif 403-411 If X distrusts Y will do Z, then X believes the statement there exists W such that W is an instance of Z and Y is an agent of W has the modal force of unlikely
(=>
    (diseaseCandidate ?H ?D)
    (exists (?DOC)
        (believes ?DOC
            (modalAttribute
                (attribute ?H ?D) Possibility))))		 Medicine.kif 1923-1929 If X may have Y, then there exists Z such that Z believes the statement Y is an attribute of X has the modal force of possibility

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